Nutrition Therapy For Patients With ESRD

2014-05-27 02:13

Nutrition is quite necessary for End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients, especially when they are in pre-stage of dialysis or during dialysis. Nutrition therapy for patients with ESRD may decrease the compliments and improve the quality life of them. It includes:

►Protein Requirements

For pre-dialysis patients, 0.4g/kg of the body weight is OK. When they start dialysis, protein needs are higher due to the losses. The recommended dietary protein intake for clinically stable maintenance hemodialysis patients is 1.2 g/kg body weight/d, and 1.2 -1.3 g/kg body weight/d for individuals on peritoneal dialysis. A high-quality protein intake, such as fish, milk, lean meat and egg white will help keep you well nourished and healthy.

►Weight Maintenance

Weight loss is a common symptom for uremia patients due to poor appetite. Therefore, calory intake is higher for end stage renal disease patients. To consume enough calories provides them a positive nitrogen balance and preventing tissue destruction and protein catabolism.. In some studies, it was shown that hemodialysis patients should receive daily energy as 30-40 kcal/kg.

►Restricted intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and fluid

1. A low-sodium diet: 2 grams per day

2. Low potassium intake: Avoid such foods as bananas, melon, legumes, potatoes, tomatoes, pumpkin, winter squash, sweet potato, spinach, orange juice, and bran cereal. In contrast, patients on peritoneal dialysis more often suffer from low potassium levels, requiring an increase in potassium-containing foods and even potassium supplementation.

3. Patients should be careful to avoid phosphorus intake from processed foods.

4. Fluid restriction: Reduce fluid intake and limit food consumption such as tea, coffee, soda, and water. Proposals such as sucking on ice chips, cold sliced fruit are recommended. Generally, the right amount of water should be more 500ml than the urination last day.

► Trace elements supplements

Vitamin C, folate, vitamin B6, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and selenium are commonly insufficient in ESRD patients, so they need to take foods to supply those trace elements.

►Saturated fat and cholesterol

ESRD patients should follow a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, because they are at high risk of developing of coronary artery disease.

Nutrition therapy for patients with ESRD is very complex, because it is related to physical health, medical history, illness condition and so on. Our experts online will help you to make a reasonable medical or dietary nutritional plan. You can also leave a message below or email to kidney-symptoms@hotmail.com.

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